PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Over the course of Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963), the author, Martin Luther King Jr., makes extended allusions to multiple philosophers, among them Aquinas and Socrates. WebDr. Gradesfixer , Rhetorical Analysis Of The Letter From Birmingham Jail., Rhetorical Analysis Of The Letter From Birmingham Jail [Internet]. A plurality of voices helped shape the movement, however, including Joseph Jacksons Annual Address to the National Baptist Convention in 1964, Zora Neal Hurstons Letter to the, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. He uses phrases and words such as "notorious reality" (1) to describe the unjust treatment of blacks in court and expresses the inability to achieve true freedom as a "painful experience" (2). In another example, the writer associates himself with prophe. . I would agree with St. Augustine that an unjust law is no law at all., Now, what is the difference between the two? Divided there is little we can dofor we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. - John F. Kennedy, 1961 First Inaugural Address Those who have been left out, we will try to bring in. In Martin Luther King Jr.s 1963 Letter from Birmingham Jail was this line, We must use time creatively, and forever realize that the time is always ripe to do right. King was the leader of the African-American Civil Rights Movement as well as an activist for humanitarian causes. Knowing the threat segregation and racism pose to the advancement of their society, audiences may feel more inclined to foster societal change. Throughout his Letter from Birmingham Jail, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. establishes his credibility, appeals to the emotions of his readers, and uses logic and reason, all to persuade his audience to agree with his argument and assert the necessity of immediate action against the oppression of African Americans. He starts off the letter with My Dear Fellow Clergymen. By searching the title, publisher, or authors of guide you in reality want, you can discover them rapidly. It is a relief to watch a programme which usually manages to present a balanced political view, compared to the default left of centre bias of all other BBC current affairs and news But more basically, I am in Birmingham because injustice is here (King 1). Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. This guide is based on the revised version of Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "Letter from Birmingham Jail," published as the fifth essay in Example 1. Calling the Church an irrelevant social club can anger the clergymen and other readers, forcing the clergymen to realize that if they are irritated by a rude reference now, then they must take action to prevent such disrespect. His eloquent response is filled with biblical references. Dr. King responded to their accusations with his own letter, which came to be known as, Letter from Birmingham Jail. A seminal text of the Civil Rights Movement, Kings, Letter from Birmingham Jail, defends the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism, justifies the measures that brought about his arrest, and asseverates that the segregation laws against blacks in the south must be repealed. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism (King). WebFor example, inversion is the juxtaposition of the customary order of elements in a Is Martin Luther King Jr Used In Letter From Birmingham Jail 573 Words | 3 Pages In Martin Luther King Jr.s 1963 Letter from Birmingham Jail was this line, We must use time creatively, and forever realize that the time is always ripe to do right. Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, raised by his mother, an organist and member of the church choir, and his father, the Reverend Martin Luther King, Sr. His father was a strong influence on his life, laying the foundation for Kings focus on Christianity and racial equality. An unjust law is a code that is out of harmony with the moral law. As King states, but when you have seen vicious mobs lynch your mothers and fathers at will and drown your sisters and brothers at whim; when you have seen hate filled policemen curse, kick and even kill, (King 2) he shows how misguided the statement of the clergymen was. Examples of ethos in Letter from Birmingham Jail are seen in the first two paragraphs of the second page. The overall urgency and call for action in the letter is emphasised by his strong appeals to pathos. In 1954 he began working as a pastor in Montgomery, Alabama, and he received his Ph.D. in Theology from Boston University in 1955. WebPathos And Logos In Martin Luther King's I Have A Dream. No plagiarism, guaranteed! WebWas not Martin Luther an extremist: "Here I stand; I cannot do otherwise, so help me God." Web20 of the best book quotes from Letter from Birmingham Jail. WebIn the Letter from Birmingham Jail, written by Martin Luther King Jr., King delivers a well structured response to eight clergymen who had accused him of misuse of the law. As Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister who was inspired to use non-violent means in the civil rights movement by religious philosophy, it comes as no surprise that his letter is full of religious references. Instant PDF downloads. WebIn Letter from Birmingham Jail Martin Luther King defends the protestors thirst for justice by demonstrating the unjust society they live in. This helps make parents sympathize by possibly seeing their own child in a emotional scenario such as this. Shortly after, King says: I have the honor of serving as president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, an organization operating in every southern state, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. Where do you want us to send this sample? He wrote this letter from his jail cell after him and several of his associates were The animals stirred restlessly\underline{\text{restlessly}}restlessly in the forest. Martin Luther King, Jr.s writings helped form the foundation of the Civil Rights movement in the 1960s, inspiring African Americans across the United States to continue to fight for their legal rights and for overall racial equality. The few white moderates who have acted by protesting are also such extremists and deserve praise. In unserem Vergleich haben wir die unterschiedlichsten 70413 lego am Markt unter die Lupe genommen und die wichtigsten Eigenschaften, die Kostenstruktur und die Bewertungen der Kunden abgewogen. Additionallyconsequently, he uses these strategies to get his points across. Various rhetorical questions help the writer introduces new topics he addresses in reply to criticism from white clergymen: You may well ask: Why direct action? WebAntithesis or juxtaposition of opposites -- is a parallel structure used make a powerful comparison. His letter has become one of the most profound pieces of literature of the 20th century, as King uses vivid examples and eloquent rhetorical devices to counter all nine arguments. The text includes numerous instances when the writer uses descriptive and metaphorical language to make his arguments more dynamic and appealing. Copy This Storyboard*. Webcoutez le podcast four cubits and a span sur Podcasts-Online.org. He persuades his audience by using [], At the peak of the Civil War Movement in America on April 12th, 1963, eight Alabama clergymen made a public statement announcing that Dr. Martin Luther Kings protests in the streets should end because they promote hatred and [], Keywords: Civil disobedience,Henry David Thoreau,Martin Luther King, Jr.,Nonviolence,Letter from Birmingham Jail,Civil Disobedience,Minority rights,Direct action,Social movement One such appeal is seen on page three of his letter where he questions the meaning of a just law and cites examples in which laws were unjust. By clicking Continue, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy. By inspiring sympathy through strong emotional appeals, King brings hope for positive change that the white clergymen reading his letter will begin to understand the overlying problem and work for change. In Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail, he implements rhetorical appeals to ethos to denote his credibility on the subject of racial injustice and discrimination. . Martin Luther kings Letter from Birmingham Jail, is a response to fellow clergymen who advocated for King to be more patient and not to violate the law, as well as criticizing his approach for civil rights (MLK letter). Additionally King see justice as: Any law that uplifts human personality is just. Looking for a flexible role? That evening, James Earl Ray shot King, who died soon after at the age of 39. In his letter from Birmingham jail, Martin Luther King mentioned the three pious Jewish youths, Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego, as an example of the Quarterly Journal of Speech, 65(2), 121-136. Sign up for the Intercollegiate Review! Webby Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. From the Birmingham jail, where he was imprisoned as a participant in nonviolent demonstrations against segregation, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., At this time, King also became involved in the civil rights movement, leading the Montgomery bus boycott in 1955 and the March on Washington in 1963, where he gave his famous I Have a Dream speech. (Dhaka University) , Supreme Court of Bangladesh Published by: CCB Foundation BAdsha Plaza, Level-3 20 Link Road, Bangla Mo King was considered an outsider for doing such actions. He uses the tranquilizing drug as a correlation to accepting any promise the society makes, when truthfully, there is no change being made towards freedom nor equality. WebIn Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "Letter from Birmingham Jail", he presents a notable and exceptional argument. WebJesus was an extremist for love, truth and goodness, and could perhaps serve as an example of just the kind of creative extremist the South and the U.S. need to overcome their injustice (103). ", "I doubt that you would have so warmly commended the police force if you had seen its dogs sinking their teeth into unnamed, nonviolent Negroes. On April 12, 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. was arrested. Martin Luther King Jr. uses rhetorical strategies, purposeful word arrangement, and other literary devices to passionately express criticism against injustice. It rings in the ear of every Negro with piercing familiarity. This "Wait" has almost always meant "Never." he wrote 'letter from birmingham jail' to persuade the In his "Letter form a Birmingham Jail" and his "I have a Dream speech, Dr. King uses metaphor, repetition and parallel structure to provide visual images which may evoke empathy in the readers and audience and emphasize the ideas he presents: the argument for civil rights and the goal to end segregation. Just as Kants magnum opus, Critique of Pure Reason, attempted to completely upend a previously accepted mode of thought, so also was Kings work devoted to a single objective: the protection of civil disobedience as a form of protest such that the Civil Rights Movement could continue in uncompromised form. King was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in a hotel room in Memphis, Tennessee. King successfully reveals the horrors behind the trials black individuals in America have experienced and demonstrates that what he and other civil rights activists are battling for is a noble cause both legally and morally. By referring to segregation as a disease, he redefines the term as a hindrance to society, giving it a negative connotation that fits his purpose for his argument. Rhetoric & Public Affairs, 7(1), 37-51. Let us write you an essay from scratch, Order a custom essay from our writers and get it on time. He uses his personal experiences from his situation to back up his argument and show the brutality of the police force. Injustice was taking place in Birmingham, and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was invited to help and support the protests of this segregated city. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. His letter starts with, My Dear Fellow Clergymen, (King 1). More books than SparkNotes. everyday language, illustrating them with examples that are immediately relevant to students lives. King brings up this point to express every Black man and womans feelings about their freedom being put on a shelf. We must use time creatively, in the knowledge that the time is always ripe to do right., But the judgment of God is upon the church as never before. WebIn King's letter, written during his incarceration in Birmingham Jail at the time of the 1963 Birmingham Campaign, antithesis is used to express King's key concern that there is By him saying this, he is putting himself on the same level as the clergymen, sending the message that he is no less than them and they are no better than him. then statement is an effective method at presenting an idea and then presenting the consequence. Additionally, the audience walks through Kings thought process, Why direct action? specific to broad logic It can be used either destructively or constructively. Type the example into the description box under the cell. I can assure you that it would have been much shorter if I had been writing from a comfortable desk, but what else can one do when he is alone in a narrow jail cell, other than write long letters, think long thoughts, and pray long prayers? We will have to repent in this generation not merely for the hateful words and actions of the bad people but for the appalling silence of the good people. Martin Luther King then justifies his fight for an extremist cause by providing specific examples of other historical extremist causes that actually brought about changes for the better. He does this by using lines such as, When you have seen vicious mobs lynch your mothers and fathers at will and drown your sisters and brothers at whim., and when you have seen hate-filled policeman curse, kick, and even kill your black brothers and sisters. In these lines he is using incendiary language like vicious mobs and parallelism such as lynch your mothers and fathers at will and drown your sisters and brothers at whim by using this kind of language and sentence structure King is making you envision and feel what he had to see his friends and family go through in those hard times. Refine any search. A more effective metaphor used is a comparison of nonchalance as a pacifier in the mouths of the Black community. Dr. [], The Letter from Birmingham Jail played a very vital role in the civil rights movement. Identify one example for each rhetorical strategy: ethos, pathos, and logos. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. We will write a custom Essay on Letter from Birmingham Jail Rhetorical Analysis Essay specifically for you. He then goes on to say, I am here because I have organizational ties here. Letter from Birmingham Jailby Martin Luther King Jr. includes a large volume of allusions and direct references that can be divided into several categories. A Letter in Pieces. The words and phrases, sinking their teeth, unarmed, and nonviolent, force the audience to recognize the senseless brutality of the policemen. This is exactly what King wanted in order to make the audience feel the strong emotion and pain he felt, and persuade you to keep reading the letter to hear what he has to say about these outrage of acts, show you positive ways to change them, and justify his cause of writing this letter in response to the clergymen. Within the article, the clergymen provide nine different critiques that asserted how Kings protest are invalid, uneffective, and simply unintelligent in the fight for obtaining justice and equity for individuals of color. This puts forth an emotional appeal that everyone, regardless of their race, is worse off due to the existence of injustice. On April 16, 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. wrote, the now infamous, Letter from Birmingham Jail, which was a Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. UC Davis L. In the letter, Dr. King uses ethos, diction, and allusions when defending nonviolent protest which makes his argument really strong. Letter from Birmingham Jail. Often times it gives people a sense of identity. Second person All four discourse modes are present throughout the work, making this an extremely powerful piece. the shows turning into a has beens merry go round, martin, brighton As sad as it may seem, I am a long time fan of your show. What Is Mlk Thesis In Letter From Birmingham Jail. 1012 Words5 Pages. In the Letter from Birmingham Jail, author Martin Luther King, is letting the clergymen, white moderate, ministers, police etc. to respond to all criticisms they have and to tell them why he is in Birmingham. He lets them know that they have no other choice but to employ direct action towards segregation. What are the examples of similes in Letter from Birmingham Jail? King again uses pathos in order to appeal to the human emotions so as to incite the clergymen and citizens alike to take action and end the oppressive burden of racism and hate. WebLetter from a Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King Jr. mentions the atrocities of racism and describes his endless battles against it. so must we see the need for nonviolent gadflies to create the kind of tension in society that will help men rise from the dark depths of prejudice and racism to the majestic heights of understanding and brotherhood. "Letter from Birmingham Jail": Examples of Rh, Letter from Birmingham Jail rhetorical devices, Comprehension: Letter from Birmingham Jail, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking, Carol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Chapter 17: Integrating Direct Marketing + Pe, SLHS Final Exam - Acquired Motor Speech Disor. How does one determine whether a law is just or unjust? He is telling them that he has credibility on the matter of injustice, not because he is the recipient of white privilege, but because he is well researched on the subject. WebLetter from the Birmingham Jail Quotes Showing 1-30 of 33 Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. Web1137 Words5 Pages. LitCharts Teacher Editions. King establishes his position supported by historical and biblical allusions, counterarguments, and the use of rhetorical devices such as ethos, pathos, and logos. Moreover, he forces his audiences sympathy with his incendiary language, evoking agonizingly graphic images into their minds. At this juncture, the reader can logically follow the speaker and come to the same conclusion; that nowhere in the preparation or the delivery, is there meant to be any form of physical damage to persons or property. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. "I submit that an individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust, and who willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to arouse the conscience of The pacifier is used to hush issues of segregation by giving false hope. Don't use plagiarized sources. 808 certified writers online. -Graham S. Martin Luther King, Jr.s work focused on the repeal of unjust racial segregation laws and policies; this activism became known as the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 60s, which eventually led to significant changes in laws regarding the treatment of African Americans. The public letter as a rhetorical form: Structure, logic, and style in kings letter from Birmingham jail. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs My Dear Fellow Clergymen, While confined here in the Birmingham City Jail, I came across your recent statement calling our present activities unwise and untimely.. Analogies are comparisons through which the writer uses one event or person to describe another, creating associations for the readers. The text shown above is just an extract. Conclusively, an Published: 28 February 2023. Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. We will win our freedom because the sacred heritage of our nation and the eternal will of God are embodied in our echoing demands., . That same day, civil rights leader, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was arrested for protesting without a permit. King says, I have the honor of serving as president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, an organization operating in every southern state, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. Martin Luther King Jr. was a non-violent leader significant in the King's careful choice of words are used to sway the reader's sympathy for blacks and to increase the morale of the discriminated. just as Socrates felt that it was necessary to create a tension in the mind so that individuals could rise from the bondage of myths and half truths to the unfettered realm of creative analysis and objective appraisal, so must we his awful estrangement, his terrible sinfulness, the refusal of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego to obey, at the beginning of letter, displays common ground to establish credibility, see tears welling up in her eyesFuntown is closed to colored people, to put it in the terms of St. Thomas Aquinas: An unjust law is a human law that is not rooted in eternal law and natural law. ", "I have been arrested on a charge of parading without a permit. In the aimed at creating associations for the readers and to add further emphasis to the writers views. Letter from Birmingham Jail.. For years now I have heard the word "Wait!" Why were radio comedies so popular during the 1930s? The Negro community is said to have been isolated on an island of poverty in the middle of an ocean of prosperity. WebExcerpt from "Letter from a Birmingham Jail". He had dedicated his life to bringing liberty to people of color and making the United States a truly 'free' nation. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. April 16, 1963. 2023 gradesfixer.com. Here you can choose which regional hub you wish to view, providing you with the most relevant information we have for your specific region. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." With Kings example of the segregation that the law causes he uses the scenario, as you seek to explain to your six year old daughter why she can't go to the public amusement park and see tears welling up in her eyes when she is told that Funtown is closed to colored children, (King 2) to show how an innocent child understands the issue of racism. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Here you can choose which regional hub you wish to view, providing you with the most relevant information we have for your specific region. WebThe Letter from Birmingham Jail is a masterpiece in both the literary and civil rights aspects. Teachers and parents! He was in the city to lead a protest, and had to stay an extra night due to a bomb threat on his plane. Several clergy who negatively critiqued Kings approach of seeking justice, wrote A Call for Unity, arguing that his protests were senseless and improper. An example of metaphor is when the writer associates destiny with a piece of clothing that can be put on and shared: We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of . From this quote, readers come to understand the depravity of the so called protection the police force claims they are offering to the community. WebUsing specific and substantial evidence quoted from Martin Luther King's "Letter from a Birmingham Jail," explain why Direct Action was critical to non violence. Segregation had been an entrenched policy in the United States since the passing of Jim Crow laws that barred African Americans from using the same public facilities as whites, going to the same schools, or marrying whites. WebExamples of Refutation in Literature and Speech While in jail in Birmingham, AL, Martin Luther King, Jr. received a letter from fellow clergymen, basically asking him to stop his protest movement. The open letter by Martin Luther King Jr. is an excellent resource for teaching persuasive writing and much more. Furthermore, . Soon after, eight clergymen wrote a letter entitled, A Call for Unity, which was addressed to King. Letter from a Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King Jr. mentions the atrocities of racism and describes his endless battles against it. We're here to answer any questions you have about our services. Struggling with distance learning? The nations of Asia and Africa are moving with jetlike speed toward gaining political independence, but we still creep at horse and buggy pace toward gaining a cup of coffee at a lunch counter. The Letter from Birmingham Jail was written by Martin Luther King Jr. during the Birmingham protest of 1963. Pathos, Logos, Ethos in Letter From Birmingham Jail Essay, Application of Pathos, Ethos, and Logos in The Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay, Letter from a Birmingham Jail: the Rhetorical Analysis Essay, A Comparison of "Civil Disobedience" and "Letter from Birmingham Jail" Essay, Analysis Of Rhetorical Strategies In The Letter From Birmingham Jail By Martin Luther King Jr Essay, Depiction Of The Injustices Of Birmingham In Martin Luther King Jrs Letter From Birmingham Jail Essay, Rhetorical Analysis Of Martin Luther King Jrs Letter From Birmingham Jail Essay, Stoicism and Civil Disobedience Interconnection Essay, Comparison Of Kings Letter From Birmingham Jail And Lincoln's Inaugural Address Essay, Fulkerson, R. P. (1979). Registered office: Creative Tower, Fujairah, PO Box 4422, UAE. In Martin Luther King Jr.s letter, written to the Clergymen from Birmingham Prison, he uses the rhetorical appeal of ethos to establish his credibility on the subject of racial discrimination and injustice. Perhaps I expected too much. But more basically, I am in Birmingham because injustice is here. WebRepetition. Additionallyconsequently, he uses these strategies to get his points across. Martin Luther King's Letter From A Birmingham Jail. Then you will understand why we find it difficult to wait. Welcome to the LitCharts study guide on Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Letter from Birmingham Jail. Phylon (1960-), 36(4), 411-421. WebIn this published letter, the clergymen expressed their strong disapproval of the civil rights demonstrations taking place in Birmingham, Alabama. In Letter from Birmingham Jail, King typically uses repetition in the form of Words: 1806. It is really an emotional paragraph, and using this emotion at the beginning of his letter captures the attention of his audience. (https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/davlr26&div=31&id=&page=), Leff, M. C., & Utley, E. A. One question that many had for King was why he would break "some laws and obey others." His imagery, personal experiences, and appeals to ethos and logos throughout make a strong, well rounded argument. He does this by exhibiting real life examples of what he himself has seen occuring as a result of peaceful demonstrations furthering his arguments validity. It covers the rhetorical devices used by Martin Luther King, Jr. WebIn the Letter from Birmingham Jail he includes several events that affect not only him but thousands of others emotionally, he uses creative examples to get his points across, and lastly King includes multiple past and present historical facts. . By referencing important figures such as Jesus Christ, Abraham Lincoln, and Thomas Jefferson, King reasons that if those people were in the right, he is too. WebDr. pronouns I and we. And John Bunyan: "I will stay in jail to the end of my days before I make a butchery of my conscience." I would be the first to advocate obeying just laws. Through the use of process and pathos, Dr. King effectively appeals to his audiences emotions and validates his protests, all while revealing the horrors of segregation. King and his followers are preparing for direct [], Abraham Lincoln, Thomas Jefferson, Jesus, all these radical men and more are alluded to in Martin Luther King Jrs Letter from Birmingham Jail. His use of their names in the context of this paper creates a form of kinship [], The Stoic way of life described in Epictetuss Enchiridion (135 A.C.E.) King provides imagery to make the audience see what it would be like to be an African American in the united. King also alludes to the examples from many philosophers and saints, including Socrates and Aquinus. In Martin Luther King Jr.s letter, written to the Clergymen from Birmingham Prison, he uses the rhetorical appeal of ethos to establish his credibility on the subject of racial discrimination and injustice. Throughout the work, Letter from Bimingham Jail, Martin Luther constantly uses examples from historical figures in order to unite his argument that action must be 1963, www3.dbu.edu/mitchell/documents/ACallforUnityTextandBackground.pdf. Read Summary. Furthermore, he establishes himself as a respectable individual in alluding to his organizational ties in Birmingham, suggesting he has a high standing in society. GradesFixer. Isnt negotiation a better path? You are quite right in calling for negotiation. Web- Martin Luther King Jr., Letter from a Birmingham Jail United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. He is proving to them that he contains just as much intellect on the subject of injustice and racial discrimination, if not more. The way the content is organized, A concise biography of Martin Luther King, Jr. plus historical and literary context for, In-depth summary and analysis of every of, Explanations, analysis, and visualizations of. Essay Topic: Letter From Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King. (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00335637909383465?journalCode=rqjs20), King Jr, M. L. (1992). Kings Allusion in Letter From Birmingham Jail. Copyright 2023 IPL.org All rights reserved. (2004). King forces the clergymen to think about the morally correct course of action. It makes it relatable, especially to the whites who read the letter. Arranged in the letter, are the four steps taken for successful non-violent action; collection of the facts to determine where injustices exist; negotiation; self purification; and direct action.
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